abstract the proper management of a watershed depends on recognition of effective elements and investigation of their behavior in different conditions. till date, many researches have studied the role of topographical general characteristics on hydrologic behaviors. whereas, the changeability of hydrologic properties under different conditions, especially in iranian watershed has been rarely ta...

introduction: spatial variation of soil properties is significantly influenced by numerous environmental factors such as landscape features, including position, topography, slope gradient and aspect, parent material, climate and vegetation. soil properties vary spatially in south- and north-facing hill slopes. this factor (different slope aspects) can affect the distribution of soil organic mat...

In order to estimate proper current land price, various factors such as environment, communication, regulation of land use and so on are established by local government. Road slope is one of the land price factors for land form, and land price is corrected by road slope aspect based on road slope for the north. For example, road slope aspect is corrected so that land price face to northern slop...

Plot data from the USFS FIA program could be combined with terrain variables to attempt to explain how terrain characteristics influence forest growth, species composition, productivity, fire behavior, wildlife habitat, and other phenomena. While some types of analyses using FIA data have been shown to be insensitive to precision of plot locations, it has been suggested that terrain-based model...

Wing morphology correlates with flight performance and ecology among adult birds, yet the impact of wing development on aerodynamic capacity is not well understood. Recent work using chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar), a precocial flier, indicates that peak coefficients of lift and drag (C(L) and C(D)) and lift-to-drag ratio (C(L):C(D)) increase throughout ontogeny and that these patterns corr...